Users' Adoption of National Digital Identity Systems: Human-Centric Cybersecurity Review

This paper establishes the current state of human-centric cybersecurity factors that influence users’ adoption of national digital identity systems (NDIDs). NDIDs are national-level security systems that provide digital identity management services for secure authentication and access to online government services. Advances in NDIDs have raised concerns about human-centric cybersecurity factors. These concerns motivated researchers to explore the human aspects of cybersecurity. This paper critically synthesizes the literature on human-centric cybersecurity factors to enrich our knowledge of why users adopt or reject NDIDs. This paper identifies a combination of trust, privacy, perceived risk, usability, flexibility, cultural and social interference, and security factors that influence the adoption of NDIDs. This study builds a multi-level conceptual framework to contextualize human-centric cybersecurity factors influencing NDIDs adoption. This paper contributes to current literature and recommends that future research should consider non-technical aspects of cybersecurity that affect NDIDs adoption.