TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychometric Evaluation of the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A) Among Hong Kong University Students
AU - Saffari, Mohsen
AU - Lee, Yu Han
AU - Chen, Ji Kang
AU - Pramukti, Iqbal
AU - Huang, Yu Ting
AU - Lin, Chien Chin
AU - Chang, Yen Ling
AU - Huang, Po Ching
AU - Lin, Chung Ying
AU - Griffiths, Mark D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - The present study validated the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and the Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A) among Hong Kong university students. Using convenience sampling, 790 participants (63% females, age = 22.5 years [± 4.4]) completed an online survey including the GDT, GADIS-A, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS). The expected factor structures of the GDT (one-factor) and GADIS-A (two-factor) were confirmed with strong factor loadings from 0.70 to 0.86. Moderate to high significant correlations between both scales and the IGDS9-SF, DASS-21, and TAPAS showed appropriate concurrent/convergent/divergent validity (0.20 < r < 0.83). Both scales were internally consistent (0.88 < α / ω < 0.93). Both scales were invariant across gender, severity of problem, and educational major. Both the GDT and GADIS-A are valid and reliable tools to assess gaming disorder among young university students in Hong Kong.
AB - The present study validated the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and the Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A) among Hong Kong university students. Using convenience sampling, 790 participants (63% females, age = 22.5 years [± 4.4]) completed an online survey including the GDT, GADIS-A, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Tendency to Avoid Physical Activity and Sport Scale (TAPAS). The expected factor structures of the GDT (one-factor) and GADIS-A (two-factor) were confirmed with strong factor loadings from 0.70 to 0.86. Moderate to high significant correlations between both scales and the IGDS9-SF, DASS-21, and TAPAS showed appropriate concurrent/convergent/divergent validity (0.20 < r < 0.83). Both scales were internally consistent (0.88 < α / ω < 0.93). Both scales were invariant across gender, severity of problem, and educational major. Both the GDT and GADIS-A are valid and reliable tools to assess gaming disorder among young university students in Hong Kong.
KW - Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A)
KW - Gaming Disorder Test (GDT)
KW - Gaming disorder
KW - Psychometric assessment
KW - University students
KW - Validation
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012969160
U2 - 10.1007/s11469-025-01524-z
DO - 10.1007/s11469-025-01524-z
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105012969160
SN - 1557-1874
JO - International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
JF - International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
ER -
