Integrating AIoT in the Development of Sustainable Concrete: Recycling Oyster Shell and PET Bottle Waste for Enhanced Efficiency and Environmental Impact

The construction industry is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, with concrete production depleting natural resources and releasing substantial amounts of carbon dioxide. The unsustainable extraction of raw materials for cement and aggregate production disrupts ecosystems, underscoring the urgent need for eco-friendly alternatives. Globally, over 3.9 million tons of oyster shell waste and more than 55 million tons of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste are generated annually. Mismanaged oyster shells accumulate on seashores, while PET incineration exacerbates air pollution and acid rain. These waste materials, however, present promising opportunities for sustainable concrete production by offering multiple benefits: reducing environmental contamination, utilizing calcium-rich oyster shells, minimizing PET waste, lowering construction costs, and addressing waste disposal challenges. This paper investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) into the recycling of oyster shell and PET waste for the development of sustainable concrete. AIoT technologies are leveraged to optimize waste collection, processing, and concrete manufacturing, ensuring efficiency, precision, and scalability.