Evaluation indicators and models of urban underground space resilience

Urban underground space is developing in China and urban resilience research continues to be a hot topic. In this context, urban underground space resilience has become an emerging research focus, and how to evaluate the resilience of underground space is a key problem. Starting from the construction criteria of urban resilience evaluation indicators, an indicator system for urban underground space resilience was established, which included ten sub-indicators and five dimensions: organizational resilience, infrastructure resilience, environmental resilience, social resilience and economic resilience. Then an evaluation model was formed based on the entropy weight method. Using the model to evaluate seven representative cities in China, key factors affecting the resilience of urban underground space were explored. The results show that organizational resilience is the dimension that has the greatest impact on resilience. The laws and regulations have the highest weight as a single evaluation index. Among the seven cities evaluated, Shanghai has the highest underground space resilience and is the only city classified as high underground space resilience. Comparing the results of this model with the results of the existing comprehensive strength model of underground space verifies the rationality of the model. At the same time, it shows that the resilience development of underground space is not completely synchronized with the comprehensive development, so it is necessary to formulate resilience strategies in a targeted manner. According to the calculation results, three strategies to improve the resilience of underground space are proposed, namely, promoting the legislation of resilient underground space, strengthening the construction of underground infrastructure, and increasing the learning of underground space accidents. The model proposed is suitable for evaluating a group of cities with similar levels of underground space development. The evaluation results can show the weak links of underground space resilience for decision makers, and provide a basis for formulating resilience improvement policies and plans.