TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of fly ash and steel slag on cadmium and arsenic accumulation in rice grains and soil health
T2 - A field study over four crop seasons in Guangdong, China
AU - Chi, Yihan
AU - Peng, Lei
AU - Tam, Nora Fung yee
AU - Lin, Qinru
AU - Liang, Hebin
AU - Li, Wai Chin
AU - Ye, Zhihong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/8/1
Y1 - 2022/8/1
N2 - Fly ash and steel slag can potentially mitigate the cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains but their long-term effectiveness and impact on soil health are unclear. By running a four-crop-season field trial, we found that the concentrations of Cd, As and inorganic As in rice grains were significantly reduced by steel slag and (consecutively applied) fly ash. For both amendments, decreased soil extractable Cd by increased pH was crucial in reducing grain Cd, but soil re-acidification diminished their effects. Increased soil extractable silicon played a key role in alleviating grain As accumulation. Steel slag had a more persistent effect on reducing grain Cd than fly ash but the sustainability of their effects on reducing grain As depended on rice cultivars. Steel slag improved soil fertility by increasing soil calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc but chromium and nickel were also increased; it also enhanced the activities of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase, shifted soil bacterial community composition, and increased bacterial diversity. Fly ash had little effect on soil health. Our results indicated that steel slag had positive and sustainable effects on mitigating grain Cd and As accumulation but its potential negative impact on soil health requires in-depth monitoring.
AB - Fly ash and steel slag can potentially mitigate the cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains but their long-term effectiveness and impact on soil health are unclear. By running a four-crop-season field trial, we found that the concentrations of Cd, As and inorganic As in rice grains were significantly reduced by steel slag and (consecutively applied) fly ash. For both amendments, decreased soil extractable Cd by increased pH was crucial in reducing grain Cd, but soil re-acidification diminished their effects. Increased soil extractable silicon played a key role in alleviating grain As accumulation. Steel slag had a more persistent effect on reducing grain Cd than fly ash but the sustainability of their effects on reducing grain As depended on rice cultivars. Steel slag improved soil fertility by increasing soil calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc but chromium and nickel were also increased; it also enhanced the activities of soil urease and alkaline phosphatase, shifted soil bacterial community composition, and increased bacterial diversity. Fly ash had little effect on soil health. Our results indicated that steel slag had positive and sustainable effects on mitigating grain Cd and As accumulation but its potential negative impact on soil health requires in-depth monitoring.
KW - Fly ash
KW - Long-term effects
KW - Rice Cd and As accumulation
KW - Soil health
KW - Steel slag
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129392900&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115879
DO - 10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115879
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85129392900
SN - 0016-7061
VL - 419
JO - Geoderma
JF - Geoderma
M1 - 115879
ER -