Clinical significance of hypertension in patients with different types of cancer treated with antiangiogenic drugs (Review)

Hypertension is a common comorbidity in patients receiving antiangiogenic therapy. Prior studies have reported worsening or new-onset hypertension as an adverse event of antiangiogenetic therapy, which can be managed by dose reduc- tion or discontinuation of the culprit medication. By contrast, other studies have found that the occurrence of hypertension is a potential biomarker associated with greater efficacy of anti- angiogenic therapy and predicts improved survival. At present, there is no consensus on the effects of hypertension in patients treated with antiangiogenic drugs. The present study reviewed the relationship between antiangiogenic drugs and hyperten- sion in different types of cancer. It was demonstrated that the use of antiangiogenic drugs was associated with an increased risk of hypertension in most types of solid cancers. There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypertension between monoclonal antibody and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments. Hypertension was more likely to occur in patients younger than 75 years old, female, and those with no history of bevacizumab use. Discontinuation or death caused by hypertension was rare, although previous studies have reported that hypertension was a risk factor for acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases and ischemic stroke. Of note, the early development of hypertension may serve as a potential biomarker associated with greater efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy.