TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between lipoprotein(a) and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Tian, Xu
AU - Zhang, Nan
AU - Tse, Gary
AU - Li, Guangping
AU - Sun, Yihong
AU - Liu, Tong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024/5/1
Y1 - 2024/5/1
N2 - Aims High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] level has been demonstrated as an important risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) amongst the older populations, whereas its effects in the younger population remain unclear. This study evaluated the associations between Lp(a) and the risk of premature ASCVD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Method PubMed and Embase were searched for related studies until 12 November 2023. Fifty-one studies including 100 540 parti- and results cipants were included. Mean age of patients ranged from 35.3 to 62.3 years. The proportion of male participants ranged from 0% to 100%. The mean follow-up was provided in five studies ranging from 1 year to 40 years. The definition of elevated Lp(a) varied among studies, such as >30 mg/dL, >50 mg/dL, the top tertiles, the top quartiles, the top quintiles, and so on. Higher Lp(a) was significantly associated with the composite ASCVD [odds ratio (OR): 2.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.53–3.02, P < 0.001], especially for coronary artery disease (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 2.06–2.90, P < 0.001) and peripheral arterial disease (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.56–4.21, P < 0.001). This association remained significant in familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.63–5.96, P < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.54–3.23, P < 0.001).Significant results were observed in South Asians (OR: 3.71, 95% CI: 2.31–5.96, P < 0.001), Caucasians (OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 2.22–4.52, P < 0.001), and patients with baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) level ≥ 2.6 mmol/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conclusion Elevated Lp(a) predicts the risk of the composite or individual ASCVD in young, regardless of study design, gender, population characteristics (community or hospitalized), different premature definitions, and various Lp(a) measurement approaches. This association was important in South Asians, Caucasians, FH patients, T2DM patients, and patients with baseline LDL-c level ≥ 2.6 mmol/L.
AB - Aims High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] level has been demonstrated as an important risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) amongst the older populations, whereas its effects in the younger population remain unclear. This study evaluated the associations between Lp(a) and the risk of premature ASCVD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Method PubMed and Embase were searched for related studies until 12 November 2023. Fifty-one studies including 100 540 parti- and results cipants were included. Mean age of patients ranged from 35.3 to 62.3 years. The proportion of male participants ranged from 0% to 100%. The mean follow-up was provided in five studies ranging from 1 year to 40 years. The definition of elevated Lp(a) varied among studies, such as >30 mg/dL, >50 mg/dL, the top tertiles, the top quartiles, the top quintiles, and so on. Higher Lp(a) was significantly associated with the composite ASCVD [odds ratio (OR): 2.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.53–3.02, P < 0.001], especially for coronary artery disease (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 2.06–2.90, P < 0.001) and peripheral arterial disease (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.56–4.21, P < 0.001). This association remained significant in familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) (OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.63–5.96, P < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.54–3.23, P < 0.001).Significant results were observed in South Asians (OR: 3.71, 95% CI: 2.31–5.96, P < 0.001), Caucasians (OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 2.22–4.52, P < 0.001), and patients with baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) level ≥ 2.6 mmol/L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conclusion Elevated Lp(a) predicts the risk of the composite or individual ASCVD in young, regardless of study design, gender, population characteristics (community or hospitalized), different premature definitions, and various Lp(a) measurement approaches. This association was important in South Asians, Caucasians, FH patients, T2DM patients, and patients with baseline LDL-c level ≥ 2.6 mmol/L.
KW - Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
KW - Lipoprotein(a)
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Risk factors
KW - ‘Young’ patients
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85193314283&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae031
DO - 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae031
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85193314283
VL - 4
JO - European Heart Journal Open
JF - European Heart Journal Open
IS - 3
M1 - oeae031
ER -