TY - JOUR
T1 - A Systematic Review of the Design of Serious Games for Innovative Learning
T2 - Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, or Mixed Reality?
AU - Lee, Lap Kei
AU - Wei, Xiaodong
AU - Chui, Kwok Tai
AU - Cheung, Simon K.S.
AU - Wang, Fu Lee
AU - Fung, Yin Chun
AU - Lu, Angel
AU - Hui, Yan Keung
AU - Hao, Tianyong
AU - U, Leong Hou
AU - Wu, Nga In
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 by the authors.
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - The recent integration of educational technologies and emerging learning approaches into education systems has been driven largely by the pandemic. This paper conducts a systematic review and delves into the new wave of research on serious games designed for innovative learning using augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). The review was referenced to the review protocol, PRISMA 2020. Using the Scopus Database with a time filter from 2007 to 2023 (27 July), we searched 329 articles and shortlisted 273 relevant studies. Notably, European countries contributed the most (62.9%) to this research area. Among the most frequent keywords, VR (90.9%) was commonly used in AR/VR/MR, while e-learning (95.3%) was among the popular innovative learning approaches. Further research studies are needed to employ AR and MR technologies, as well as other innovative learning approaches, to enable performance evaluation and comparison of various educational technologies and learning approaches. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the relevant studies and their basic characteristics. Additionally, we introduced 15 essential and recently published AR/VR/MR standards to ensure better reliability, quality, and safety of architectures, systems, products, services, and processes. To facilitate performance evaluation and analysis, we surveyed 15 recently published benchmark education datasets. This review suggested four future research directions, including multisensory experiences, generative artificial intelligence, personalization and customization, and real-time interaction.
AB - The recent integration of educational technologies and emerging learning approaches into education systems has been driven largely by the pandemic. This paper conducts a systematic review and delves into the new wave of research on serious games designed for innovative learning using augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). The review was referenced to the review protocol, PRISMA 2020. Using the Scopus Database with a time filter from 2007 to 2023 (27 July), we searched 329 articles and shortlisted 273 relevant studies. Notably, European countries contributed the most (62.9%) to this research area. Among the most frequent keywords, VR (90.9%) was commonly used in AR/VR/MR, while e-learning (95.3%) was among the popular innovative learning approaches. Further research studies are needed to employ AR and MR technologies, as well as other innovative learning approaches, to enable performance evaluation and comparison of various educational technologies and learning approaches. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the relevant studies and their basic characteristics. Additionally, we introduced 15 essential and recently published AR/VR/MR standards to ensure better reliability, quality, and safety of architectures, systems, products, services, and processes. To facilitate performance evaluation and analysis, we surveyed 15 recently published benchmark education datasets. This review suggested four future research directions, including multisensory experiences, generative artificial intelligence, personalization and customization, and real-time interaction.
KW - augmented reality
KW - blended learning
KW - e-learning
KW - hybrid learning
KW - immersive learning
KW - innovative learning
KW - mixed reality
KW - serious games
KW - smart education
KW - virtual reality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85187898841&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/electronics13050890
DO - 10.3390/electronics13050890
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85187898841
VL - 13
JO - Electronics (Switzerland)
JF - Electronics (Switzerland)
IS - 5
M1 - 890
ER -