A review on power control of wind turbines with the perspective of dynamic load mitigation

The energy crisis is recognized as one of the greatest challenges in the 21st century, and wind energy industry plays an irreplaceable role in coping with such a crisis, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil-fuel-based energy production. The onshore and offshore wind resources, exploited via modern variable-speed wind turbines, not only contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions but also promote the sustainable use of natural resources. From both the perspectives of power generation control and structural vibration mitigation, various algorithms and different techniques have been suggested in the literature, contributing to the sustainability of wind turbines by enhancing their efficiency and longevity. The present review contains systematic summaries on both the power generation control algorithms and structural vibration mitigation. Although it is well acknowledged that the power generation control influences the dynamics of wind turbines, and hence their vibration, there are few studies focused on the connections between power generation control and structural vibration mitigation of a wind turbine. Based on the present review, the future directions for the studies in the above-mentioned areas are discussed as: (a) the power control in both full load and partial load operation regions by considering the nonlinear dynamic of wind turbine in the full load operational region, without any need for linearization, (b) the hydrodynamic loads acting on the floating wind turbine are a necessary input for the design of the novel control algorithms and vibration mitigation techniques, and (c) the novel techniques simultaneously regulating the power generation and mitigation structural vibrations are the next focus to enhance both the performance and sustainability of wind energy systems.