漢語與事大: 從朝鮮的漢語翻譯人材培訓看其對明政策的轉變

The policy of ＂Serving the Great＂ 事大政策 is the main political objective of Chosǒn Dynasty (1392-1910) during the early period and they actively remained the better tributary relationships with Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). However, language was one of the estrangements for the Chosǒn envoys who talked with the local Chinese when they were visiting Beijing. Therefore, they established Sayǒkwon (司譯院 Ministry of Interpretation) to train the ＂Yǒkkwan＂ (譯官 Official Interpreters) of Chinese language to carry out their tributary responsibilities and duties during the envoys trips to Beijing. Although Yǒkkwan were the middle class in Choson Dynasty, their duties were highly appreciated by the kings and senior officers. But current scholarships overlooked their historical significance on the Choson policy for diplomatic affairs and foreign intercultural relationships. So, it was needed to identify the role and experience of Chosǒn Yǒkkwan during Ming Dynasty to understand how Yokkwan influenced to the changes of Chosǒn's policy of ＂Serving the Great＂ in the era of Ming. This article will utilize the official documents of Chosǒn Dynasty such as ＂Chosonwangchosillok＂, ＂Sungchongwonilki＂, ＂T'ongmun'kwanji＂ and ＂Gyongkuktaechon＂ as well as the personal records of the envoys to explain the system of Choson interpretation and the ＂Hanhak Yǒkkwan's＂ activities in Chosǒn diplomatic affairs. The elaboration will be used to understand how the ＂Yǒkkwan's＂ position changes were interrelated to the changes of Chosǒn policy to the Ming Dynasty. The research outcomes not only understood the Ming-Chosǒn relationships changing but also reaffirmed the cultural and political roles of Choson ＂Yokkwan＂ in Ming-Choson relationships.